Clinical method
IV or IM is a treatment route, not a root-cause investigation
Where a wider investigation is relevant, root cause means the primary driver, or decisive combination of causes, identified by combining medical history, clinical assessment, established medical diagnostics and carefully selected functional laboratory tests. In our clinical work, we identify the primary root cause — or the decisive combination of causes — in almost every case. No single test, finding or administration route determines the whole explanation.
The IV or IM decision is separate: it depends on indication, substance, dose, route, medicines, contraindications, alternatives and what can reasonably be followed up. Administration does not establish why a symptom exists. Treatment response is individual and monitored clinically.
- Clarify the purpose. Review why treatment is being considered and what has already been tried.
- Assess safety. Review medicines, sensitivities, previous reactions, contraindications and relevant results.
- Choose or defer. Select substance, dose and route only when indicated, or request further information or another care pathway.
- Document and follow up. Record administration and agree what, if anything, should be reviewed afterwards.